Table 1 Prevalence of early childhood developmental delay by demographic and socioeconomic characteristics (n = 1235)
Characteristic | Total n (%) | Early childhood development | χ2/F | P-value2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal n (%) | Delay n (%) | ||||
ECDI2030 | |||||
Normal | 1177 (95.3) | ||||
Delay | 58 (4.7) | ||||
Maternal depression | 28.809 | < 0.001 | |||
No | 812 (65.7) | 789 (97.2) | 23 (2.8) | ||
Yes | 423 (34.3) | 388 (91.7) | 35 (8.3) | ||
Child sex | 5.041 | 0.025 | |||
Female | 582 (47.1) | 563 (96.7) | 19 (3.3) | ||
Male | 653 (52.9) | 614 (94.0) | 39 (6.0) | ||
Child age (month)1 | 50.4 (46.3, 54.2) | 50.3 (46.2, 54.2) | 51.4 (49.9, 53.4) | 3.160 | 0.076 |
Maternal age (year)1 | 34.2 (31.8, 37.8) | 34.2 (31.8, 37.7) | 34.0 (31.3, 38.0) | 0.570 | 0.450 |
Ethnicity | 0.735 | 0.575 | |||
Han | 1,160 (93.9) | 1,104 (95.2) | 56 (4.8) | ||
Minority | 75 (6.1) | 73 (97.3) | 2 (2.7) | ||
Premature birth | 0.028 | 1.000 | |||
No | 1,165 (94.3) | 67 (95.7) | 3 (4.3) | ||
Yes | 70 (5.7) | 1110 (95.3) | 55 (4.7) | ||
Maternal educational achievement | 5.25 | 0.098 | |||
Middle school or below | 43 (3.5) | 39 (90.7) | 4 (9.3) | ||
High school | 153 (12.4) | 142 (92.9) | 11 (7.1) | ||
College or university | 988 (80.0) | 948 (96.0) | 40 (4.0) | ||
Master or above | 51 (4.1) | 48 (94.1) | 3 (5.9) | ||
Annual household income (CNY) | 0.721 | 0.915 | |||
< 50,000 | 126 (10.2) | 119 (94.4) | 7 (5.6) | ||
50,000–200,000 | 733 (59.4) | 698 (95.2) | 35 (4.8) | ||
200,000–500,000 | 335 (27.1) | 320 (95.5) | 15 (4.5) | ||
> 500 000 | 41 (3.3) | 40 (97.6) | 1 (2.4) | ||
Positive discipline | 8.766 | 0.003 | |||
No | 32 (2.6) | 27 (84.4) | 5 (15.6) | ||
Yes | 1203 (97.4) | 1150 (95.6) | 53 (4.4) | ||
Accompany time (Hours) | 3.00 (2.00, 5.00) | 13 (11, 16) | 12 (10, 14) | 1.530 | 0.216 |
Responsive caregiving | 34.819 | < 0.001 | |||
No | 76 (6.1) | 61 (81.3) | 14 (18.7) | ||
Yes | 1160 (93.9) | 1116 (96.2) | 44 (3.8) | ||