Table 1 Potential drug-drug interactions
From: Management of schizophrenia and comorbid substance use disorders: expert review and guidance
Drug | Metabolizing mechanisms | Inducers | Inhibitors | Other interactions not mediated by CYP metabolism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Aripiprazole | CYP2D6 CYP3A4 | Carbamazepine, rifampicin, efavirenz, nevirapine | Ketoconazole, grape juice, fluoxetine, erythromycin, HIV-protease inhibitors, bupropion, methadone | Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) |
Cariprazine | CYP3A4 | Carbamazepine, phenobarbital, efavirenz, etravirine | Azole antifungals, grape juice, boceprevir, macrolide antibiotics, cobicistat, HIV-inhibitors nefazodone, diltiazem, verapamil | P-glycoprotein substrates, such as dabigatran, digoxin |
Clozapine | CYP1A2 | Cigarette smoke, carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampicin, omeprazole | Caffeine, perazine, fluvoxamine, oral contraceptives, ciprofloxacin | Bone marrow suppressants, benzodiazepines, anticholinergics, antihypertensives, warfarin, digoxin, lithium, disulfiram |
Haloperidol | CYP3A4 CYP2D6 | Carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampicin | Erythromycin, levofloxacin, buspirone, ritonavir, alprazolam, azole antifungals, nefazodone, fluoxetine, paroxetine, fluvoxamine | Class 1Â A and class 3 antiarrhythmics, citalopram, methadone, ziprasidone, desipramine, imipramine |
Olanzapine | CYP1A2 | Carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampicin, omeprazole | Fluvoxamine | Diazepam, charcoal, antihypertensive agents, levodopa |
Paliperidone | - | - | - | Carbamazepine, valproate, levodopa |
Quetiapine | CYP3A4 | Carbamazepine, barbiturates, phenytoin, rifampicin, glucocorticoids | Azole antifungals, erythromycin, protease inhibitors | Levodopa, lorazepam, thioridazine |
Risperidone | CYP2D6 CYP3A4 | Carbamazepine, rifampicin, phenytoin, phenobarbital, | Paroxetine, fluoxetine, quinidine, azole antifungals, ritonavir and ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors, verapamil | Levodopa, furosemide |