Fig. 6

(A) Frontier analysis based on SDI and LLD’s (DALY rate from 1990 to 2021. The frontier is delineated in solid black color. (B) Frontier analysis based on SDI and age-standardized LLD DALY rate in 2021. The frontier is delineated in solid black color; countries and territories are represented as dots. LLD, Late-life depression; SDI, Socio-demographic Index; DALY, Disability-adjusted life-years