Fig. 2

Keywords co-occurrence network mapping of circadian rhythms in depression from 2004 to 2024

(A) The keyword map of circadian rhythms in depression visually displays the connections among studied keywords. Nodes, distinguished by various colors, represent different keyword clusters. Node size reflects co-occurrence frequency, and connections between nodes depict relationships among keywords

(B) The figure depicts keywords’ recent contributions to researches of circadian rhythms in depression relative to their overall output from 2004 to 2024, with a red bias indicating increased influence and a blue bias suggesting decreased activity in the field. The color scale reflects the ratio of keywords over the past five years, highlighting institutions with notable impacts or reduced involvement in this study

(C) Keywords heat map on researches of circadian rhythms in depression

(D) The diagram illustrates the 25 primary keywords characterized by pronounced bursts of citations, denoted by red spikes on the timeline. These spikes signify sudden surges in citation counts, signaling pivotal moments of emerging crucial questions or solutions within the field